Fiisigiska & Xisaabta

Kinematics-ka relativistic ee xawaaraha superluminal, cufka khayaaliga, iyo dib-u-fasiraadda sababnimada.

Fikradda tachyon-ku ma jabiso xisaabtaha relativity-ga gaarka ah. Badalkiis, waxay matalaa goob xisaabeed aan la baarin oo ku jirta isbeddelladii Lorentz. Si loo fahmo tachyonada, waa in aan si taxaddar leh u eegno isleegyada maamulaya tamarta, xoogga, iyo meel-waqtiga marka xawaaraha (v) si cad uga badan yahay xawaaraha iftiinka (c).

1. Rogidda Tamarta-Xoog

Relativity-ga gaarka ah, tamarta guud (E) iyo xoogga (p) ee shey leh cufka nasasho (m₀) iyo xawaaraha (v) waxaa bixiyaa isleegyada Lorentz:

E = m₀c² / √(1 - v²/c²)

p = m₀v / √(1 - v²/c²)

Maaddada caadiga ah (bradyonada), v < c, sidaas darteed qoddobka square root-ka hoostiisa (1 - v²/c²) waa mid togan. Sida v u dhawaanayso c, qodobka hoose wuxuu u dhawaanayahay eber, taas oo keenaysa in tamarta ay u socoto xad-dhaaf. Tani waa sababta maaddada caadiga ah ee aan gaari karin xawaaraha iftiinka.

Tachyon, v > c. Tani waxay ka dhigaysaa qoddobka (1 - v²/c²) mid taban. Si tamarta iyo xooggu u noqdaan tiro dhab ah, cufka nasashada m₀ waa in uu noqdaa khayaali:

m₀ = iμ

Xadka Xawaaraha ee Hoose

Haddii xawaaraha tachyon-ku hoos u dhaco oo u dhawaado c (kor), tamarta waxay u socdaa xad-dhaaf. Haddii v u dhawaado xad-dhaaf, tamarta E waxay u dhawaanaysaa eber. Tachyon-ka tamarta-eber ah wuxuu ku socdaa xawaare aan dhamaad lahayn. Xawaaraha iftiinka waa dabaq-hoose tachyonada, sida uu u yahay saqaf maaddada caadiga ah.

2. Isleega Cufka Invariant

Xiriirka tamarta, xoogga, iyo cufka nasashada waxaa sidoo kale lagu muujin karaa isleega invariant ee relativistic:

E² - (pc)² = (m₀c²)²

Tachyon-ka cufka khayaaliga ah m₀ = iμ, labadii dhinacba (m₀)² = -μ². Isleega wuxuu noqdaa:

E² - (pc)² = -μ²c⁴

Tani waxay muujinaysaa in tachyon-ka, xoogga labadii jibaaran (pc)² had iyo jeer ka weyn yahay tamarta labadii jibaaran E². Afar-dimensionta Minkowski spacetime, four-momentum vector-ka tachyon-ka waa spacelike.

3. Mabda'a Dib-u-fasiraadda Feinberg

Dhibaatada fiisigis ee ugu daran ee tachyonada waa sababnimada. Sababtoo ah four-momentum tachyon-ka waa spacelike, daawadayaal kala duwan oo ku jira frames kala duwan waxay isku khilaafaan kaaraa tartiibtamada dhacdooyinka.

Si loo xalliyo tani, Gerald Feinberg wuxuu soo bandhigay Mabda'a Dib-u-fasiraadda. Mabda'a wuxuu sheegayaa in tachyon tamarta-taban ah oo waqtiga dib ugu socdaa fiil hal frame ah waa la mid ah anti-tachyon tamarta-togan ah oo waqtiga hore ugu socdaa frame kale. Tani waxay soo celisaa xasillooni xaalad-deegaanka guriga, inkastoo aanu si buuxda u xalliyo muraayadaha sababnimada sida Antitelefoonka Tachyonic.

Gunaanad

Fiisigiska tachyonada waxay naga weydiisaa in aan rogno intuition-keena caadiga ah ee ku saabsan tamarta iyo xawaaraha. Inkastoo tachyonada jiirka ah aan la xaqiijin, qaab-dhismeedkan xisaabteed - gaar ahaan xoogga spacelike iyo cufka khayaaliga - waa aasaaska fahamka xaaladaha-darro goobta (tachyon condensation) ee aragtida xargaha casriga ah iyo habka Higgs.