Fiziks & Mgbako

Kinematics relativistic nke oso superluminal, aro ibu, na nkowa ozo nke ihe kpatara ihe.

Echiche tachyon adighiri emebi mgbako nke relativity puru iche. Kama, o na-anochi mpaghara mgbako ndi a naghiri enyocha na mgbanwe Lorentz. Iji ghota tachyons, anyi kwesiri ileba anya na isleeg ndi na-achikwa ike, momentum, na spacetime mgbe oso (v) kariri oso oku (c).

1. Ntughari Ike-Momentum

Na relativity puru iche, ike niile (E) na momentum (p) nke ihe nwere ibu izuike (m₀) na oso (v) ka isleeg Lorentz na-enye ya:

E = m₀c² / √(1 - v²/c²)

p = m₀v / √(1 - v²/c²)

Maka ihe ndi anahu (bradyons), v < c, ya mere okwu ala square root (1 - v²/c²) bu nke di mma. Ka v na-abiarutu c, nkebi okpuru na-abiarutu efu, na-akpali ike iru ihe enweghiri njedebe. Nke a bu ihe kpatara na ihe ndi anahu enweghiri ike iru oso oku.

Maka tachyon, v > c. Nke a na-eme ka okwu (1 - v²/c²) buru nke ojo. Ka ike E na momentum p wee buru onu ogugu eziokwu, ibu izuike m₀ ga-abu aro:

m₀ = iμ

Oke Oso Site N'ala

Odi oso tachyon belata ma biarutu c (site n'elu), ike ya na-aga n'ihe enweghiri njedebe. Odi v biarutu ihe enweghiri njedebe, ike E na-abiarutu efu. Tachyon nke enweghiri ike na-aga oso enweghiri njedebe. O nweghiri ike ibelata ruo c kama ihe ndi anahu nweghiri ike ikawanye ruo c.

2. Isleeg Ibu Invariant

Njiko n'etiti ike, momentum, na ibu izuike ka e gosikwa site na isleeg invariant nke relativistic:

E² - (pc)² = (m₀c²)²

Maka tachyon nke nwere aro ibu m₀ = iμ, squared nke ibu (m₀)² = -μ². Isleeg a na-aburu:

E² - (pc)² = -μ²c⁴

Nke a na-egosi na maka tachyon, squared momentum (pc)² na-aka kariri squared ike E². Na Minkowski spacetime nke nwere dimension ano, four-momentum vector nke tachyon bu spacelike.

3. Ezi Uka Dib-u-nkowa nke Feinberg

Nsogbu fiziks kacha siri ike nke tachyons bu ihe kpatara ihe. N'ihi na four-momentum nke tachyon bu spacelike, ndi nleba anya di iche na frames di iche ga-asoghari banyere usoro oge nke ihe ndi mere.

Iji dozie nke a, Gerald Feinberg gosiri Ezi Uka Dib-u-nkowa. O na-ekwu na tachyon nke nwere ike ojo na-aga azuo na oge na frame otu yiri anti-tachyon nke nwere ike mma na-aga n'ihu na oge na frame ozo. Nke a na-eweghachi nkwusi nke gburugburu, o bu na o naghiri edozi nsogbu ihe kpatara ihe nke obosara dika Antitelefon Tachyonic.

Nkwubi Okwu

Fiziks nke tachyons na-achosi anyi ka anyi tugharia echiche anyi nke oge niile banyere ike na oso. O bu na a naghiri agosi na tachyons di na eziokwu, usoro mgbako a - karisia momentum spacelike na aro ibu - bu ntala nke nghota enweghiri nkwusi nke goob (tachyon condensation) na tiori eriri nke oge a na usoro Higgs.